8,720
edits
Changes
m
→Quarter Tones
Often the last (or last few) measures before a repeat sign will have a bracket above it with "1." or "2.". This indicates which measure (or group of measures) to play based upon which repetition is being played. For the initial playthrough, you play the "1." and on the repeat play the "2.". This allows sheet music to be more condensed. Often you will play the same ending multiple times ("1., 2., 3." for the same measure or group of measures) with the final time playing a different measure ("4.").
[[File:YB0342 Repetition amenagements.png|x70px300px]]
<nowiki>*</nowiki><small>YB0342 Repetition amenagements by Magnus Manske, [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ CC BY-SA 3.0], [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bars_%28music%29#/media/File:YB0342_Repetition_amenagements.png src]</small>
The symbols '''"D.C."''' and '''"D.S."''' are shorthand for the Italian phrases '''Da Capo''' and '''Dal Segno''', and indicate to jump back a large distance in the piece, which may span numerous repeated measures/section. "D.C." indicates to jump all the way back to the beginning of the piece, while "D.S." means to jump back to the measure marked by the '''Segno''' symbol (looks like an S surrounded by dots with a line through it). They are followed by '''"Al Fine"''' or '''"Al Coda"'''. '''Al Fine''' means to play the repetition until the end of the piece or a measure marked with a '''Fine''' symbol, while '''Al Coda''' means to play until hitting the measure marked with the '''Coda''' symbol (looks like crosshairs - a circle with a + sign through it). Once hitting the Coda, the piece jumps to the measure indicated by the next Coda (like a warp/portal). The Segno and Coda symbols only apply once you are playing the repetition indicated by "D.C." or "D.S.". On the initial playthrough, they are ignored (although you should take note of the Segno, so you know where to jump back to from a "D.S.").
{|class="mycellpadding"
| [[File:Music-dacapo.png|x40px]]
| [[File:Music-dalsegno.png|x40px]]
Play measures: 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6
A '''simile mark''' is a symbol that looks like a division symbol (a slanted line with a dot to the upper left and lower right). Some measures may have a simile mark on it/them, which indicates to repeat the previous beat or measure(s) (which should be clear from the context). [[File:Music-simile.png|x50pxx70px]]
{{top}}
}}
A ">" symbol above a note indicates to play it accented. A "^" above it indicates an even stronger accent. [[File:Music-marcato.png|x50px]], [[File:Music-strong-marcato.png|x50px]]
{{top}}
=== Trills ===
A "tr" marking above a note indicates a trill. Rapidly alternate between the given note and the next highest note in the key.[[File:Music-trill.png|x50px]]
=== Grace Notes ===
A smaller than usual usual note with a slanted line through it slurred into a normal note indicates a grace note. This means to play the grace note with as little duration as possible, using legato to get to the normal-sized note.[[File:Music-acciaccatura.svg|x50px]]
=== Legato ===
Different notes above/below a curved line indicate to play them legato. [[File:Music-slur.svg|x50px]]
=== Staccato ===
A dot above a note means to cut its duration shorter than usual, getting a percussive feel.[[File:Music-staccato.svg|x50px]]
=== Quarter Tones ===
A backward flat symbol or half of a sharp symbol indicates to flat/sharp the note by a quarter step rather than a half-step, placing it between notes of the chromatic scale.[[File:Music-demisharp.svg|x50px]] [[File:Music-demiflat.svg|x50px]]
=== Arpeggios ===
A wavy vertical line in front of a group of notes (chord) indicates to arpeggiate the chord, playing the notes in sequence from lowest to highest quickly such that each individual note can be heard, while still giving the whole chord the duration of notes.[[File:Music-arpeggio.svg|x50px]]
=== Section Markings ===
Two sections can be indicated by a double bar between measures. The end of a movement is indicated by double bars at the end of the last measure, with the last bar thicker than the other.[[File:Music-doublebar.svg|x30px]] ... [[File:Music-endbar.svg|x30px]]
=== Portamento ===
A wavy line between two notes indicates portamento (or pitch slide) - to move from the first to second note by steadily ascending or descending the pitch, such as by bending or using the whammy bar.[[File:Music-glissando.svg|x50px]]
=== Octave Markings ===
"8va" with a line above notes indicates to play them one octave higher. "15ma" indicates two octaves higher.[[File:Music-ottavaalta.png|x50px]], [[File:Music-quindicesimaalta.png|x50px]]
{{top}}