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|1st and 2nd Strings - Intervals#Hot Cross Buns, Championship Editition|2nd Song}}
Two notes form an '''interval'''. This can describe either the distance between them (in terms of pitch/semitones), or the sound produced by playing them together, simultaneously or in sequence. '''Understanding intervals ''IS'' understanding harmony.''' Scales and chords are composed of a fixed set of intervals that give them their unique sound. Thus, the key of C Major sounds quite like G Major but quite different from C Minor. You can determine the interval between any two notes by counting the number of notes between them. For example, F is the 4th of C: C D E F 1 2 3 4 The ''quality'' of the interval will be different depending on which scale you are using and which notes of the scale are being measured. Let's look at all the possible intervalsinside the 12-tone chromatic scale (which correspond to each set of 12 frets for each string on the guitar).
=== All Intervals ===
'''Note: the colors used for the intervals are simply used to more easily visualize the size of the interval and its proximity to the root or its octave. They should not be misinterpreted to indicate harmony - color theory and music theory are very different, particularly as used here!'''
The intervals are numbered 2-7 corresponding to the common usage of Heptatonic (7-note(heptatonic) scales. A scale will typically use one of each of the numbers. For example, the common major scale uses {{M2|M2}}, {{M3|M3}}, {{P4|P4}}, {{P5|P5}}, {{M6|M6}}, and {{M7|M7}}.
Where the names have ()'s around a word in the description, that word is optional, and often omitted. Major 2nd, perfect 4th, and perfect 5th are all implied by 2nd, 4th, and 5th, as they are present in the common major as well as minor scales.