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Quartal Harmony

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~~~~{{Top-Level Crumbs|1}}{{Lesson Crumbs|3}}{{Advanced Lesson Crumbs|9}} '''Quartal Harmony~~~~ ''' uses chords built on 4th intervals, rather than the common 3rds(called '''Tertian Harmony'''). For example, a common C major triad is (C E G), featuring a M3 between C and E and a m3 between E and G. A quartal chord would instead appear similar to (C F B{{b}}) - a P4 between C and F and another P4 between F and B{{b}}. Not only can we use the P4, but also the d4 and A4 intervals. == Pre-Reqs ==* [[C Major Chord]] for introduction to chords using tertian harmony* [[Atonality and Serialism]] for possible applications of quartal harmony* [[Extended Chords]]

== Theory ==

Thus, quartal chords are not used in the same theoretical foundations of harmony as tertian chords. Rather than have tension-release urges, they simply have their own sound. They can be interspersed in progressions consisting mostly of diatonic tertian chords, momentarily interrupting or suspending the natural direction of the progression. They can also be used liberally in atonal pieces.

== Chord Shapes ==

=== 3 Note ===

{|class="wikitable"

! !! A E G or E A D Strings !! D G B Strings !! G B E Strings

|-

! (R P4 m7) P4-P4

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|i|-|-|

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|-|m|-|

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</pre>

|-

! (R P4 M7) P4-A4

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! (R A4 M7) A4-P4

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|}

=== 4 Note ===

{|class="wikitable"

! !! E A D G Strings !! A D G B Strings !! D G B E Strings

|-

! (R P4 m7 m3) P4-P4-P4

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! (R P4 m7 M3) P4-P4-A4

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! (R P4 M7 M3) P4-A4-P4

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! (R A4 M7 M3) A4-P4-P4

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=== 5 Note ===

{|class="wikitable"

! !! E A D G B Strings !! A D G B E Strings

|-

! (R P4 m7 m3 m6) P4-P4-P4-P4

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<pre>

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|-|m|-|

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|-|r|-|

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! (R P4 m7 m3 M6) P4-P4-P4-A4

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! (R P4 m7 M3 M6) P4-P4-A4-P4

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! (R P4 M7 M3 M6) P4-A4-P4-P4

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! (R A4 M7 M3 M6) A4-P4-P4-P4

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=== Popular Non-Diatonic Chords ===

{|class="wikitable"

! "So What" Chord (from Miles Davis's ''So What'') (R P4 m7 m3 P5) P4-P4-P4-d4

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<pre>

|i|-|-|-|

|)|m|-|-|

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</pre>

|}

== Quintal Harmony ==

Just as there is Quartal Harmony built on 4ths, there is '''Quintal Harmony''' built on 5ths. However, I do not feel there is any necessity to explore it here, as it is essentially the inverse of Quartal Harmony. For example, look at the following chords:

{|class="wikitable"

! Quartal Chord !! Equivalent Quintal Chord

|-

|

<pre>

Bb|-|m|-|-|

F |-|m|-|-|

C |i|-|-|-|

|-|-|-|-|

5

</pre>

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<pre>

C |-|-|-|-|-|p|

F |-|-|-|r|-|-|

Bb|i|-|-|-|-|-|

|-|-|-|-|-|-|

3

</pre>

|-

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<pre>

B |-|-|r|-|

F#|-|-|r|-|

C |i|-|-|-|

|-|-|-|-|

5

</pre>

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<pre>

C |-|-|-|-|p|

F#|-|-|-|r|-|

B |i|-|-|-|-|

|-|-|-|-|-|

4

</pre>

|}

The note names simply ascend/descend in the opposite order.

* P4 inverts to a P5

* d4 inverts to an A5

* A4 inverts to enharmonically equivalent d5

* m7 inverts to M2

* M7 inverts to m2

Quintal harmony may space notes further apart, which may be preferable for playing in lower registers. However, since quartal/quintal harmonies are more typically associated with Jazz which uses a fairly register for guitar, this is usually a moot point.

And since standard guitar tuning using 4ths, this makes quartal chords significantly eaiser to finger than quintal chords.

== Homework ==

== Q/A ==

== Related Lessons ==

[[Category:Guitar]]

[[Category:Lessons]]

[[Category:Advanced]]

[[Category:Harmony]]

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