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→Difference from Modulation
=== Difference from Modulation ===
The only real difference between a modulation and a tonicization is length. A tonicization may last a single chord or measure, very briefly changing the tonic note, and usually for the purpose of further creating and resolving tension against the original tonic note. A modulation lasts longer (although it may be as brief as about 2 measures) and often creates and resolves tension in the new key numerous times before, if ever, returning to the original key.
=== Other Secondary Harmonies ===
Another common secondary chord is V/ii (or V7/ii). This functions very similarly to V/V, but the chord progression continues along the circle progression to return to tonic: V/ii - ii - V - I. In the key of C Major, V/ii is a A major chord, which resolves to D minor, which progresses to G major, which then resolves to C major. The V/ii - ii here is the same as V - ii in the key of D Harmonic Minor.
== Borrowed Chords ==