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→Chain
=== Chain ===
Chain Modulation uses multiple modulations to bridge two distantly related keys. Unlike a rosalia above, a chain modulation is not confined to repeating a sequence - each modulation in the chain can have independent durations, melodies, harmonic progressions, etc.
For example, consider a modulation from C Major to E Major. These keys only share 3 notes in common, and are separated on the circle of fifths by 4 movements. They share no diatonic chords. Instead of trying to modulate directly between them, we can use a chain modulation. We could follow the circle of fifths, going major to major key until we reach E (C => G => D => A => E). Or we could shorten that by jumping every other 5th (C => D => E). C Major and D Major share the diatonic G Major chord. D Major and E Major share the diatonic A Major chord. This allows two common chord modulations to easily get from C Major to E Major without any disruptive transitions.
=== Parallel ===