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→Chromatic
=== Chromatic ===
Useful for modulating between two keys that are not closely related, chromatic modulation uses a chromatic line to bridge the keys. In other words, for the chords chosen, one voice can move up or down 2 or more half-steps. This necessarily implies the transition will occur over at least 3 chords. For the strongest effect, the chromatic line should lead into the root of the new key.
For example, consider a modulation from C Major to A Harmonic Minor. C Major has a G note, while A Harmonic Minor has G{{s}} and A. This allows us to create a G - G{{s}} - A chromatic line through the following progression: G - E - A. That's ('''G''' B D) - (E '''G{{s}}''' B) - ('''A''' C E). If we follow good [[Voice Leading|voice leading]], we can keep the G, G{{s}}, and A notes in the same voice, thus getting the chromatic line. G is the V chord of C Major. E is the V chord of A Harmonic Minor. The progression could be written as:
G E Am
C: V Ahm: V i
Depending on the keys used, it may be more difficult to achieve the chromatic line with only the diatonic chords of the two keys. In these cases, we can resort to using a [[Borrowing Chords/Notes#Secondary Dominant|secondary dominant]] or some other non-diatonic chord.
=== Phrase ===