Circle of Fifths

Table with fifths from C to Cb and C# w/ full major scales

	Cb	Gb	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#
	7 b's	6 b's	5 b's	4 b's	3 b's	2 b's	1 b's	0 b/#'s	1 #'s	2 #'s	3 #'s	4 #'s	5 #'s	6 #'s	7 #'s
Unison	Cb	Gb	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#
2nd	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#	G#	D#
3rd	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#	G#	D#	A#	E#
4th	Fb	Cb	Gb	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#
5th	Gb	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#	G#
6th	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#	G#	D#	A#
7th	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#	G#	D#	A#	E#	B#
Oct	Cb	Gb	Db	Ab	Eb	Bb	F	C	G	D	A	E	B	F#	C#

Notice the 4ths and 7ths - this is where the notes flatten/sharpen when shifting keys up/down a fifth (or down/up a fourth).

Fifths and equivalents

All columns are equivalent pitches. Each cell is a perfect fifth above the cell to its left.

Dbb

Abb

Ebb

Bbb

Fb

Cb

Gb

Db

Ab

Eb

Bb

F

C

C

G

D

A

E

B

F#

C#

G#

D#

A#

E#

B#

B#

F##

C##

G##

D##

A##

E##

B##

F###

C###

G###

D###

A###

Rules and Guidelines

The 1.____ scale a perfect fifth 2.____ the current scale contains the same notes but the 3.___ in the current scale is 4.____ to become the 5.____ of the new scale.

1	2	3	4	5
major	above	P4	sharped	M7
minor	above	M6	sharped	M2
major	below	M7	flattened	P4
minor	below	M2	flattened	m6

Equivalent Pitches for Scales Below/Above by Interval

Modulating from any major scale to a new major scale that is ___ interval above/below the original key has ___ same pitches and #/b per note:

Example Key

C

C#

D

D#

E

F

F#

G

G#

A

A#

B

Interval Above Root

Uni

m2

M2

m3

M3

P4

d5

P5

m6

M6

D7

M7

Interval Below Root

Uni

M7

D7

M6

m6

P5

d5

P4

M3

m3

M2

m2

Number of Common Pitches

7

2

5

4

3

6

2

6

3

4

5

2

Which means the most harmonic key changes are:

Common Notes	Diatonic Keys	Non-Diatonic Keys
6	P4, P5
5	M2	D7
4	M6	m3
3	M3	m6
2	M7	m2, d5

* Note: All intervals in above table are above the root note