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===== Harmonic Minor =====
A heptatonic (7 note) scale that consists of a tonic note and the notes above tonic with the following intervals: M2, m3, P4, P5, m6, M7. This creates the following whole/half pattern: w h w w h w+h h. A Harmonic Minor has the following notes: A B C D E F G#.
===== Harmony =====
The result of combining multiple pitches simultaneously (or giving the same effect when playing them in sequence). This expands into the study of sequences or progressions of multiple pitches, often using roman numeral analysis, with diatonic chords falling into specific harmonic functions. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Interval =====
===== Intonation =====
The pitch accuracy of an instrument. Guitar intonation is affected by action, fret spacing, fret leveling, bridge height, nut height, string length, neck curvature, string gauge, and type of strings used.
===== Just Intonation =====
A tuning system in which the relationship between different notes is represented by ratios of small whole numbers. In other words, the intervals in just intonation are as consonant or harmonic as possible. Because the pitches of these intervals will vary from key to key, an instrument can only feature just intonation in one key at a time. The further away from the just intonated key on the circle of fifths one goes, the more dissonant the instrument will sound.
For example, a M7 interval in just intonation is a 15:8 ratio of the two notes. So the just intonation A-G interval where A is 110 HZ means G is 206.25 HZ. The A-C minor third is 6:5, which means C is 132 HZ. C-G should be a P5 interval, which is 3:2. But 3:2 x 132 HZ is 198 HZ, not 206.25 HZ.
===== Leading Tone =====
In a Major Scale, the 7th note is the leading tone (B in the key of C Major). It is called this because it tends to sound very tense, wanting to resolve to the tonic note. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Major Chord =====
A major chord contains a root note and the notes a major 3rd and a perfect fifth above it. See [[C Major Chord]].
===== Major Scale =====
A heptatonic (7 note) scale that consists of a tonic note and the notes above tonic with the following intervals: M2, M3, P4, P5, M6, M7. This creates the following whole/half pattern: w w h w w w h. C Major has the following notes: C D E F G A B. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Major Melodic Minor Scale =====A heptatonic (7 note) scale that consists of different notes when played ascending vs. descending, based on the Natural Minor scale. Descending the scale is identical to natural minor, but ascending uses a sharped 6 and sharped 7th note. This gives the following whole/half pattern: w h w w w w h. A Melodic Minor ascending contains the notes: A B C D E F# G#.
===== Melody =====
A series of notes expressing a musical idea. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Minor Chord =====A minor chord contains a root note and the notes a minor 3rd and a perfect fifth above it. See [[E Minor, D Minor, and A Minor Chords]]. ===== Minor Scale (Natural Minor) =====A heptatonic (7 note) scale that consists of a tonic note and the notes above tonic with the following intervals: M2, m3, P4, P5, m6, m7. This creates the following whole/half pattern: w h w w h w w. A (Natural) Minor has the following notes: A B C D E F G.
===== Note =====
===== Predominant =====
The harmonic function of a chord that serves to move towards dominant-function chords. See [[Music Theory - Diatonic Chord Progressions]].
===== Quarter Note =====
===== Rhythm =====
The pattern of sound over time, incorporating Tempo, Time Signatures, Beats, Feels, Accents, Rests. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Sharp =====
Another meaning is an indicator ("#") that means to raise a note by one half-step. Ex. A# is a half-step higher than A. Multiple sharp symbols can be used to indicate pitches even higher. Ex.
A## is the same pitch as B, while A### is the same pitch as C.
===== Sixteenth Note =====
===== Subdominant =====
The formal name for the 4th chord in a diatonic scale. Usually serves a predominant function. See [[F Major Chord]].
===== Tempo =====
The speed of a piece, describing the number of beats per minute. Usually indicated at the beginning of musical notation but can change throughout a piece. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Timbre =====
Describes the quality of sound from an instrument. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Time Signature =====
Uses a fraction of whole numbers to describe a logical grouping of beats into measures and assigning how many beats each note type endures. The top number is the number of beats per measure, while the bottom number indicates what type of note lasts one beat. 4/4 time has 4 beats per measure with 1 beat = 1 quarter note. 5/4 time has 4 beats per measure with 1 beat = 1 quarter note.
For example, if a song had musical ideas that tend to last 3 beats and occasionally repeat, it would make sense to use a time signature of 3/n, so each measure contains one musical idea. See [[Music Theory Basics]].
===== Tonic =====