Changes

'#' means "''sharp"''. 'b' means "''flat"''. These terms indicate the named note is raised or lowered one semi-tone. Multiple sharps and flats can be used. For example, Abb is 2 semi-tones below A. Abb corresponds to the same frequency as G. Similarly, G# is the same frequency as Ab, and B# is the same frequency as C. For our purposes, we are unlikely to deal with double (or more) sharps or flats. But it's important to understand what they are to remove some of the mystique from them. We can even represent the entire chromatic scale in terms of a single note, using flats and sharps: {|class="wikitable"| A || A# ||B ||C ||C# ||D ||D# ||E ||F ||F# ||G ||G#|-| Dbbbbb || Dbbbb || Dbbb || Dbb || Db ||D ||D# ||D## ||D### ||D#### ||D##### ||D######|}