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A bulging or herniated disk is a condition where the lining that surrounds a spinal disk (ring of cartilage that keeps the vertebrae from touching each other) is torn, allowing some of the disk's internal tissue to press against the spinal cord, causing debilitating pain. Often a severe injury cannot heal and requires surgery.

Guitarists face this injury mostly in the form of lifting heavy equipment with poor technique. Never round your lower back when performing heavy lifts - try to stick your butt out like a girl in a rap video. Bend your knees, and use your legs and butt muscles, not your lower back. While you are carrying heavy equipment, try to keep your back straight - don't hunch to one side. Try to hold things in front of you with both hands, not off to one hip or hanging by one arm. This risk is made easier increased by maintaining poor posture while playing or doing studio work. Set up your studio with ergonomic chairs and well-arranged equipment. You don't want the piece of gear you most constantly tweak or view on or just off the floor. Put it on your desk - get it at elbow height or higher. Be aware that sitting puts considerable pressure on the back, and be sure to get up and move around every hour or so.