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Here are all the notes in the C major scale on the first string up to the 12th fret. In the C major scale, E is the third note. Remember the C major scale is comprised of the following whole-half tone pattern: whole, whole, half, whole, whole, whole, half (w w h w w w h). The 1st string begins with the semitone between the 3rd and 4th note - that's the -0--1- sequence. Now we're on the 4th note, F. From here there are 3 whole tones: -1--3--5--7-, which represent the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th notes of the scale; in this case, F G A B. The 8th fret gets us back to C. C D E (-8--10--12-) shows the first two whole steps of the C major scale. And this gets us back to our original note, E.

Let's do a little exercise:

open first third fifth seventh eighth tenth

=== Open Position ===

o i r

=== First Position ===

i m p

=== Third Position ===

i m p

=== Fifth Position ===

i r p

=== Seventh Position ===

i m p

=== Eighth Position ===

i m p

=== Tenth Position ===

i r p